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Buddhist Traditions and the Three Manly Sports

Danshig Naadam Festival 2027

June 26–27, 2027

Each summer, Mongolians gather on the steppe just outside Ulaanbaatar to celebrate Danshig Naadam, incorporating the Three Manly Sports, the Buddhist tsam dance, cultural performances and religious competitions.

For centuries, Mongolians have competed in the Three Manly Sports: wrestling, archery and horse racing. Beginning in 1639, these competitions were incorporated into Danshig Naadam, gatherings of nomads, nobles and monks from far-flung areas for religious activities and sports.

In 2015, the city of Ulaanbaatar and the city's Buddhist monasteries jointly reestablished the annual celebration of Danshig Naadam.

Three Manly Sports

At Danshig Naadam, athletes compete in the two of the Three Manly Sports: wrestling and archery, while some years, Danshig Naadam also features horse racing, the third manly sport. These sports also featured during the July 11 Naadam Festival, a secular reimagination of Danshig Naadam created after the 1921 People's Revolution.

Tsam Dance

On one of the two days of Danshig Naadam, monks wearing elaborate costumes and papier-mâché masks perform the tsam dance, a spectacular hours-long performance and purification ritual.

Mongolian Culture

Danshig Naadam is a window into Mongolian culture, a time to experience both traditional sports and Buddhist rituals. Witness wrestlers and archers celebrating millennia of steppe warrior tradition, monks expelling desire through timeless rituals and more.